Abstract

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most seriouschronic complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We report on different risk factors between microalbuminuria presence in type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients attending a diabetes centre in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: The study was cross section conducted at the diabetes centre clinics at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 296 Saudi with type 1 and type 2 diabetes associated with presence of microalbuminuria were randomly selected.

Results: Total of 296 patients with diabetes associated microalbuminuria were included in this study; 99 (33.3%) with type 1 diabetes and 197 (66.6%) with type 2 diabetes. 119(40.2%) were male and 177 (59.8%) were female with mean age 35.0±8.4 years. Significant female predominance (sex ratio male:female) 1:2.3 and 1:1.2 in type 1 diabetes with microalbuminuria and type 2 diabetes with microalbuminuria respectively (p=0.01) . Hypertension was significantly more frequent in 131 (72.0%) of type 2 diabetes with microalbuminuria compared to 51 (28.0%) of type 1 diabetes with microalbuminuria (p=0.004) with significant difference between both gender. Type 2 diabetes with microalbuminuria have significant higher HbA1c than patients with type 1 diabetes with microalbuminuria and there was a nonsignificant difference between gender and when compared to HbA1c groups. Male and Female with type 2 diabetes with microalbuminuria have nonsignificant HbA1c (≥7.0) than patients with Male and Female with type 1 diabetes with microalbuminuria.

Keywords

semiquantitative, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) , cardiovascular disease, Hypertension, nonsignificant higher HbA1c, nonsignificant,cost-effectiveness.