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Neonatal asphyxia and associated factors among neonates on labor ward at debre-tabor general hospital, Debre Tabor Town, South Gonder, North Centeral Ethiopia


International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth
Worku  Necho Asfere,1 Ansha Yesuf2
Town Department of Nursing, college of health science, Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia

Abstract

Back ground: Birth asphyxia is defined as a harm to newborn (NB), caused by lack of oxygen (hypoxia) and/or lack of perfusion (ischemia) of various organs with sufficient intensity to promote changes in aerobic metabolism to anaerobic metabolism. It triggers metabolic acidosis and cardiovascular decomposition, such as peripheral vasodilatation and decreased cardiac output, resulting in severe fetal hypotension and reduced cerebral blood flow and consequently brain damage and organ dysfunction or fetal/neonatal death. Apgar score is used to determine the level of birth asphyxia.
Objectives: To assess neonatal asphyxia and associated factors among neonates on labor ward at DTGH, South Gonder, North Central Ethiopia, 2017.
Methods: Facility based cross sectional study design was conducted at DTGH from December 1 to 30/2017. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study units. A total of 154 participants were involved in the study. Data were collected from participants using structured questionnaires. Data were entered into Epi data and exported into SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate binary logistic analyses were carried out. Finally, the findings were presented in text, figure and graph format.
Results: A total of 154 neonates and their respective mothers were participated in this study with a response rate of 100%. Among 154 neonate, 46 (29.9%) of them had birth asphyxia with Apgar score of less than seven. The predicted probability using logistic regression showed that gestational age, cord prolepses/presentation, mode of delivery, and meconium status were statistically associated with p-value <0.05.
Conclusion and recommendation: Neonatal asphyxia (low Apgar score ≤6) was generally 29.9% at DTGH during this study. Gestational age, cord prolepses/presentation, mode of delivery, and meconium status were statistically associated. Investigator recommends providers should get appropriate skill and strictly follow each laboring mother during labor and delivery to alleviate this problem

Keywords

neonatal asphyxia, birth asphyxia, neonate, ischemia, biochemical changes, gestational age, birth weight residence gravidity, occupation, demographic variables, interventions, duration of labor

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