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Evaluation of antidiabetic role of Bridelia ferruginea methanol leaf extract in streptozocin induced diabetic male wistar rats


Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal
Nwozo Sarah Onyenibe, Nwawuba Stanley Udogadi

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic ability of bridelia ferruginea leaf extract on streptozocin induced diabetes mellitus in male wistar rats. A qualitative phytochemical analysis of B. ferruginea methanol leaf extract was performed using standard methods and the result was positive for six (6) out of nine (9) phytochemical tests. Saponins, Tannin, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Alkaloids, and Catechol were present. following the confirmation of the bioactive component of the plant, a total of 20 male wistar rats between the weights of 140-160g were divided into four (4) groups (n=5), three (3) groups received I.P. STZ (50mg/kg) and the remaining group served as the normal control. Rats with values between (200 - 352 mg/dl)were considered diabetic and the range of (79.8-83.6 mg/dl) was considered normal in this study. Glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and blood sugar level using ACCUCHEK Glucometer. The Results revealed that the extract significantly lowered (P<0.05) blood sugar levels similar to the reference drug as well as HBA1c compared to the negative control. Oral glucose tolerance test was carried out with a load dose of 2grams of glucose, and sugar levels were determined at 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes later, revealed a rapid blood sugar level clearance in group treated with 50mg/kg of B. ferruginea leaf relative to negative control. Kidney and liver function biomarkers (ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin, urea and creatinine) were determined using standard method and the result shows that at 50mg/kg, B. ferruginea leaf exhibited a hepato-protective ability and kidney function restoration, by significantly lowering (P<0.05) levels of useful biomarkers. Therefore, B. ferruginea leaf extract may be considered as a safe and good therapeutic candidate at a dose of 50mg/kg for the management of diabetes and its related condition. 

Keywords

Bridelia ferruginea, diabetes mellitus, glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c), liver function, kidney function

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