Abstract

Background: Malaria infection especially by Plasmodium falciparumspecies remain the most global threating life in Africa. The effective immune response to malaria infection, in addition to the effective immunological factors which play a significant role in immune defence reflect in different sorts of infection, such as changes in cellular ratio and the elements quantity according to the immunological challenge still are incompletely understood. In this survey, we examined the ratio of monocytes to lymphocytes beside the levels of total immunoglobulin IgE in both infected patients with Plasmodium falciparumparasite and compared with healthy individual. To search for any correlation on those who had the infection.

Methodology:We obtained 3ml of venous blood samples from both infected patients and control candidates in EDTA containers for immunoglobulin inspection and parasitological tests. A full differential blood count, Immuno-chromatography antigenic test and thin blood films with a microscopic examination had been used to confirm malaria infection. In addition to Electro-chemiluminescence-immunoassay (ECL) had been applied for measuring the total immunoglobulin IgE levels. We entered Data into Microsoft word and analyzed using SPSS (version 20; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) software, the correlation to occurrences of malaria infection and between variables calculated using Pearson correlation coefficient. An alpha value of < 0.05 denoted a statistically significant difference in all statistical compares.

Finding:The analysis of the results revealed that the IgE levels were dependent with the incidence of the malaria infection P-value<0.01. Furthermore, the ratio of Monocytes to Lymphocytes (M: L) elevated with the risk of malaria infection (HR=0.30, 95% CI=0.11 to 0.84) and found to be statistically significant P-value <0.05.

Conclusion: The outcome of this work revels that, both the monocytes to lymphocytes (M: L) ratio and the IgE could be used for predication of the malaria infection as well as can used as a good indicator to monitor the density of malaria infection.

Keywords

malaria infection, Plasmodium falciparum, monocytes to lymphocytes ratio (m: l ratio), total immunoglobulin E