Occupational exposure as risk factor for kidney and bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Urology & Nephrology Open Access Journal
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Abdalla Ali Deb,1 Chidiebere Emmanuel Okechukwu,2 Shady Emara,3 Sami A Abbas4
Locum Consultant Urologist in NHS – UK; Physical activity and health promotion, Department of Biomedicine and prevention, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor vergata, Italy; Urology Fellow, Western General Hospital, UK; Consultant Urologist; National Institute of Urology and Nephrology, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Occupational exposure plays a huge role in the epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevalence of kidney cancer (KCa) and bladder cancer (BCa) worldwide.
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the association between occupational exposure and risk of KCa and BCa.
Method: We identified peer-reviewed articles published in English by searching PubMed, Embase, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) and Cochrane databases. We selected articles published between January 2018 to May 2019. We summed up all relative risk estimates to ensure accuracy, comprehensiveness and maximize statistical power given the low absolute occupational risk of KCa, occupational risk of BCa and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). We reported this systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Quantitative analyzes was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3 (Biostat, Inc, Englewood, New Jersey, USA).
Results: We found no significant association between occupational exposure and KCa (OR 1.04, 95% CI: 0.94-1.34), but there was a significant association between occupational exposure and BCa (OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.44-1.75).
Conclusion: From the result of our qualitative and quantitative analysis there was no significant association between occupational exposure and KCa whereas there was a significant association between occupational exposure and BCa.
Keywords
carcinoma, renal cell, kidney neoplasms, urinary bladder neoplasms, occupational exposure, neoplasms
