Fecal transplantation and the introduction of indigenous bacteria (autoprobiotics) are currently in demand for the treatment of many diseases and accompanied by the development of intestinal dysbiosis and impairment of its functions. The specific effects of autologous (autoprobiotic) fecal microbiota transplants (AFMT) and an autoprobiotic consortium of indigenous fecal bacteria (AC) on the restoration of intestinal microbiota and activity of key digestive enzymes in Wistar rats with experimental dysbiosis was studied.

 

The composition of the fecal microbiome after correction of dysbiosis induced by ampicillin and metronidazole in Wistar rats of using AFMT (group F) and AC (group A) so as after introduction of phosphate buffer saline (group C1) was studied by metagenome analysis (16S rRNA) and qPCR comparing with normal microbiota (group C2, without consumption). The activity of alkaline phosphatase (AP), maltase (ML), and aminopeptidase N (APN) in the chyme of various intestinal parts was evaluated using biochemical methods. 

 

The most significant changes of microbiota composition were observed in group C1: the representation of genera Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus and Prevotella spp. decreased, Proteobacteria, Families Enterobacteriaceae, genera Proteus spp., Klebsiella Enterobacter, Suterella, Serratia increased. The microbiome of animals from group F was characterized by a sharp increase in the representation of the phylum Bacteroidetes, genera Escherichia coli and Suterella sp., against the background of a decrease of phylum Firmicutes relative abundance. The representation of Lactobacillus spp., Enterococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Bifidobacterium spp. and Proteus spp. and E.coli), increased after the introduction of AC. Despite more pronounced residual changes in intestinal microbiome of rats from group C1, no significant changes in the activity of key digestive enzymes were detected. The exception was low AP activity in the duodenum chyme in group C1, possibly indicating insufficient protection from lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative bacteria. AP was higher in group A than in group C2 in the chyme of the colon. AMFT induced more sufficient changes in the carbohydrate and protein metabolism: the increase ML in small intestine and reduced of APN in the chyme in the virtually throughout the intestine. 

 

Individual representatives of intestinal microbiota may affect the activity of digestive enzymes. This study has revealed the presence of relationships between the activity of ML in the chyme and the representation of Bacteroides spp. (direct correlation) and Prevotella spp. (inverse correlation). It is necessary to take into account the specific influence of AMFT and AC on microbiota and digestive function for choosing a means for the correction of intestinal dysbiosis.