Abstract

Heart disease and cardiovascular disease is a very serious and growing public health issue. Tissue-engineering has great potential and great strength for regeneration, remolding, and growth. In the case of heart failure, Allografting has been used. 3D bioprinting has a great impact in the field of cardiovascular tissue engineering. It has been observed that 3D Bioprinting is used to construct an artificial heart for transplantation and used to create myocardial cells in case of injury. Recent studies showed that biomaterial used in the treatment of myocardial dysfunction is decellularized cardiac extracellular matrix hydrogel in adults. Collagen, Alginate gelatin, hyaluronic acid, and deECM scaffolds were used as biomaterials in 3D bioprinting. It has been shown that scaffold used with ECM was used to support there generation process. A new 3D bioprinting technology was developed in which cells were collected into spheroids and printed on a needle array according to desirable characteristics. Different bio inks such as laser, extrusion, droplet, and stereolithography are used here. Electric stimulation is key to the contractility of cardiomyocytes. A physical cardiac replica was created by image processing software that creates 3D structures. In holographic display 3D, full hearts of patients were printed in flexible material. A process is demonstrated to fabricate robust valves of the heart using the3D bioprinting technique. MRI or CT scans were used to obtained 3D images of the aorta.3D bioprinting plays a huge role in knowing the aortic anatomy involves the aortic valve area and morphology of the root. Recent advances demonstrated that 3D bioprinting can assist in ventricular device placement and perform a specific function in a complex with (CHD) Congenital heart defects. 3D bioprinting holds great promise towards patient-tailored cardiovascular practice, and in clinical tool development.

Keywords

myocardial cells, transplantation, bioprinting, biomaterial