Frequency of Subtypes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Subtypes of Schizophrenia
- Journal of Psychology & Clinical Psychiatry
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Shoaib Ahmed Kashani*, Muhammad Umer Mari, Muhammad Ilyas, Ghulam Rasool, Jalaluddin Rumi, Hazrat Ali, Ramesh Chand, Zainullah Kakar and Abdul Nasir
Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Medical College, Pakistan - Muhammad Umer Mari, Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Medical College, Pakistan
- Muhammad Ilyas, Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Medical College, Pakistan
- Ghulam Rasool, Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Medical College, Pakistan
- Jalaluddin Rumi, Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Medical College, Pakistan
- Hazrat Ali, Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Medical College, Pakistan
- Ramesh Chand, Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Medical College, Pakistan
- Zainullah Kakar , Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Medical College, Pakistan
- Abdul Nasir, Department of Psychiatry, Bolan Medical College, Pakistan
Abstract
1.1.Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome in predominant positive and negative subtypes of schizophrenia.
1.2.Methods: 143 drug naïve hospitalized and outdoor patients between 18 and 50 years with first episode of predominant positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia based on DSM IV-TR completed this study. A semi-structured clinical interview was used to assess the patients with predominant positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Clinical data were obtained; routine lab investigations and ultrasonography of abdomen were done in all subjects to exclude any related abdominal pathology. Rome III Urdu language version scale (cross validation obtained) for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were administered to assess the symptoms of subtypes of irritable bowel Syndrome, i.e. IBS Constipation (IBS-C), IBS Diarrhoea (IBS-D) and IBS Mix (IBS-M) in both male and female patients with type 1 and type 2 of schizophrenia.
1.3.Results: 134 patients (81 male and 53 female) had predominant positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Out of 134 patients, 64 (48.8%) had IBS vs 70 (52.2%) of non IBS. Patients with type 1 of schizophrenia had higher rate of IBS-C 33.3% (n=14) and IBS-M 9.5% (n=4) versus type 2 of schizophrenia IBS-C 17.4% (n=16) and IBS-M 5.4% (n=5). In type 1, IBS-D was 21.7% (n=20) more frequent than IBS-D 11.9% (n=5) in type 2 of schizophrenia. Female patients 49.1% (n=26) had more frequent of IBS compared to 46.9% (n=38) male patients with schizophrenia (OR= 0.91; 95% CI: 0.46-1.84).
1.4.Conclusion: Irritable bowel syndrome is more frequent in patients with schizophrenia than in general population. This functional gastrointestinal disorder associated with predominant positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia requires attention and management while managing patients with subtypes of schizophrenia.
Keywords
Schizophrenia, Irritable, Frequency, Bowel, Syndrome, Rome, Gastrointestinal, Symptoms, Pathophysiology, Food, Avoidance
