Effect of collection period on oleoresin yield of Pinus merkusii
- Forestry Research and Engineering: International Journal
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Ganis Lukmandaru, Syaiful Amri, Sigit Sunarta,
Tomy Listyanto, Rini Pujiarti, Ragil Widyorini
Abstract
Pinus merkusii is one of the most important timber species in Indonesia, the main product
of which is its oleoresin. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of collection
period (three periods, with 6-day observation each) on oleoresin yield in relation to two
factors: growth sites of Pinus merkusii, which in the case of this study were East Banyumas,
West Banyumas, and West Pekalongan Forest Management Units, and use of stimulants
(sulfuric acid and ethephon mixtures, ETRAT, SR4, and no treatment). The average
total oleoresin yield from a single tree or wound during the 18-day observation period
was 110−185 g/tree for untreated trees and 159−442 g/tree for stimulant-treated trees. By
analysis of variance, the interaction between each collection period (6-day observation
period) and tree growing sites showed that the maximum average oleoresin yield for
one hole was 109.32 g/tree measured in East Banyumas in the first collection period.
Furthermore, the East Banyumas site consistently showed significantly the highest yield
in each period. The interaction between the factors of stimulant and collection period (6-
day observation) resulted in the highest average oleoresin yield (121.86 g/tree) measured
for trees treated with sulfuric acid (20%) and Ethephon (2%) mixtures in aqueous solution
(v/v) treatment in the first collecting period. In West Pekalongan, the resin yield from trees
treated with different treatments tended to be positively related to tree diameter. In addition,
a positive correlation was found between resin yield and tree height or crown closure, while
a negative correlation was found between resin yield and site elevation in trees treated with
certain stimulants.
Keywords
site effect, ethylene, quarre, resin production, tree diameter
