Abstract

This study comprehensively investigated three Moringa species in Madagascar Moringa drouhardii, M. hildebrandtii and M. oleifera. Recognizing the significant nutritional and medicinal potential of M. oleifera, this research aimed to expand our understanding of the endemic Malagasy species. A multi-faceted approach was employed, encompassing phytochemical screening, macronutrient and micronutrient analyses, and acute toxicity assessments. Results demonstrated that the leaves of all three species possess significant nutritional value, with high protein content, particularly in M. oleifera. They are also rich in essential minerals such as potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus, while supplementation with calcium-rich foods is recommended. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins, suggesting potential health-promoting properties. Acute toxicity studies in animal models did not reveal any significant adverse effects, indicating the potential safety of Moringa leaf consumption. To fully characterize the nutritional composition of these species, further in-depth studies, including detailed amino acid and vitamin analyses, are warranted. To promote the sustainable utilization of these valuable resources, a multi-pronged approach is necessary. This includes public awareness campaigns, the development of value-added products, the establishment of a nursery for the conservation and propagation of endemic species, and the promotion of sustainable cultivation and harvesting practices. This research provides a foundation for the sustainable utilization of these underutilized Malagasy resources, promoting both human health and environmental sustainability.

Keywords

Moringa, Madagascar, nutritional value, phytochemicals, sustainable utilization