Abstract

Pediatric obesity is an escalating public health concern with long-lasting metabolic, inflammatory, and psychosocial consequences (Graphical abstract). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists, such as liraglutide and semaglutide, have emerged as therapeutic options in pediatric populations due to their effectiveness in promoting weight loss and improving glycemic control. This mini-review examines the cellular and molecular effects of these agents in children and adolescents, with a focus on key intracellular signaling pathways activated by GLP-1R stimulation, and the potential impacts on cell differentiation, tissue remodeling, bone development, and the gut microbiota. A critical analysis of recent literature highlights the importance of integrative and cautious approaches that account for the developmental plasticity of the pediatric organism and the possible pleiotropic effects of early pharmacological intervention.

Keywords

GLP-1, pediatric obesity, cell signaling, development, microbiota, molecular pharmacology