Abstract

Introduction: Neoplasms are a group of cells that share a single origin and whose accumulated alterations in their genetic material confer a competitive advantage for their survival and disordered multiplication. They represent the second leading documented cause of death worldwide. Objective: To study the epidemiological profile of mortality from neoplasms in Brazil from 2014 to 2023. Methodology: An exploratory, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, epidemiological study was carried out with secondary data extracted from the Mortality Information System (SIM), through TABNET/DATASUS - Brazilian Ministry of Health, on mortality from neoplasms in Brazil in one decade, from the time series (2014 to 2023). The data were tabulated in Excel and analyzed in Bioestat 5.3. The results are presented in frequencies, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. Results: There were n = 2,276,158 deaths from neoplasms in Brazil in this decade. The year 2023 had the highest number of deaths (n=255,037). The most affected region was the Southeast (47%), followed by the Northeast (22%). Males were more frequently affected. The most affected age group was 60-69 years. Married status predominated. The lowest number of deaths was 12 years or more of education, with n=203,051. Malignant neoplasms accounted for 98% of deaths. The most frequent location of occurrence was the hospital (79%), followed by home (16%). Final considerations: Malignant neoplasms require epidemiological monitoring and improved public health actions to be expanded within the Brazilian Unified Health System, as they are the cause of many deaths. The epidemiological profile mentioned as most frequent requires the implementation of monitoring, prevention, and control measures, which should be expanded to other population groups, to reduce deaths and improve public health in our country.

Keywords

neoplasms, epidemiology,mortality, public health