Innovating sustainable denim aesthetics through ozone, laser, and enzyme finishing technologies
- Journal of Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology
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Md Ahshan Habib,<sup>1</sup> Tufayel Ahmed,<sup>1</sup> Tanzila Akter Shima,<sup>1</sup> MD Mehedi Hasan,<sup>1 </sup>MD Zobayer Alam<sup>2</sup>
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Abstract
This study investigates the evolution of denim aesthetics through ozone, laser, and enzyme finishing technologies, analyzing their effects on sustainability, visual appeal, mechanical properties, and fabric integrity. Traditional denim finishing processes, which rely heavily on water, chemicals, and energy, pose significant environmental challenges. Modern finishing technologies offer eco-friendly alternatives while achieving diverse and desirable fabric aesthetics. Ozone washing employs a gas-based process to bleach denim, reducing water consumption by up to 80% and eliminating harsh chemicals such as hypochlorite, producing a soft, vintage appearance with minimal environmental impact. Laser technology enables precise creation of localized fading, whiskers, and distressing effects without water or chemicals, reducing labor, processing time, and energy use. Enzyme washing utilizes naturally occurring cellulose enzymes to partially degrade cotton fibers, achieving a soft hand feel and faded look similar to stonewashing but with far less water and without pumice stones, preventing damage to machinery and fabrics. The study systematically reviews existing literature to compare aesthetic outcomes including color depth, contrast, texture, and wear patterns .Environmental impacts reported in previous studies are also analyzed. Findings indicate that while each technology offers unique aesthetic and performance advantages, their combined application provides exceptional creative flexibility and enhanced sustainability. Integrating ozone, laser, and enzyme finishing allows the denim industry to meet consumer demand for fashionable, high-quality garments while substantially reducing environmental impact.
Keywords
denim, aesthetics, ozone wash, laser wash, enzyme wash, sustainability, fashion technology, eco-friendly finishing


