Abstract

Background: Osteomyelitis of the clavicle is an uncommon condition in children when compared with infections involving the metaphysis of long bones. Due to its rarity and variable clinical presentation, clavicular osteomyelitis can pose a diagnostic challenge and may mimic other pathological conditions affecting the clavicle. Case presentation: A nine-year-old boy presented swelling and pain over the left clavicular region that persisted for six months. There was no history of trauma or associated systemic symptoms such as fever. Physical examination revealed a tender swelling measuring approximately 2 × 3 cm over the clavicle. Laboratory investigations showed elevated inflammatory markers, while imaging demonstrated an osteolytic lesion of the clavicle. The patient was managed with surgical debridement followed by antibiotic therapy, resulting in clinical improvement. Clinical Significance: Accurate diagnosis of clavicular osteomyelitis requires careful correlation of clinical findings with laboratory investigations and imaging studies. Both conservative treatment and surgical intervention may be considered depending on disease severity. Conclusion: Chronic osteomyelitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent non-traumatic clavicular lesions in children. Early recognition and appropriate treatment are essential to prevent complications and ensure favorable outcomes.

Keywords

clavicle osteomyelitis, pediatric bone infection, hematogenous osteomyelitis, clavicular swelling, bone infection in children